Hyperglycaemia and its related risk factors in Ilam province, west of Iran- a population-based study

BACKGROUND Impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG) has been defined as the fasting plasma glucose level between 6.1 (110 mgl/dl) and 6.9 mmol/l (125 mgl/dl). Control of hyperglycaemia during acute illness among diabetic and non-diabetic patients has been associated with improved outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of and factors related to hyperglycaemia, IFG and diabetes in west of Iran. METHODS This project was performed by a cross-sectional method in Ilam province including 2158 people ≥ 25 years old. From the list of all rural and urban health centers of each county, several were randomly selected. For each selected health centre, families numbered 1-20 completed questionnaire forms for all the members aging ≥ 25 years. FBS was measured for all the participants by standard method. All the demographic and laboratory results were analysed using SPSS 16. Descriptive and regression analysis were used for statistical analysis appropriately. RESULTS A total of 2158 people were evaluated in this study, among which 72 % were female with a mean age of 45.5 ± 14 years. 40 % of participants were from urban regions and the mean height, weight, FBS and waist size of the participants were respectively as follows: 164 ± 8.9 cm, 68.4 ± 12.3 kg, 5.7 ± 2.8 mmol/l (102.6 ± 49.9 mg/dl) and 82.3 ± 14.3 cm. The prevalence of IFG, diabetes and hyperglycaemia among participants were 7.8 %, 11.8 % and 19.6 %, respectively and participants from urban area showed a significantly higher prevalence of hyperglycaemia compared to rural regions (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The most effective factors associated with IFG and diabetes were family history of diabetes, age, hypertension, marital status, place of life and smoking, respectively. The prevalence of IFG, diabetes and hyperglycemia among the population living in Ilam province, west of Iran, were 7.8, 11.8 and 19.6 % respectively which were directly increased with age.